Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
1118 Results
Integrated beamformer ICs shrink the size of antenna feed electronics. Multiport network analyzers shrink the necessary test setup down to one instrument.
08-Jan-2019
A programmable data generator such as the combination of SME with option SME-B11 is a novelty with signal generators. To make it easy for the user to get acquainted with the option and to ensure efficient operation, possible applications are described below. The data generator is used for producing binary data as well as control signals for level switching whenever digitally modulated signals are used. For a start we should like to deal in brief with the various settings available for digital modulation. Taking GSM as an example, the programming of data lists will be described next. The description for GSM can be easily applied to other digital networks as well. Next the generation of level bursts and the extension of data generator memory with option SME-B12 are described. The last section deals with special subjects such as FSK using data rates below 400 bits/s and pulse-amplitude modulation. A basic knowledge on digital modulation and TDMA will be sufficient to follow the topics.
01-Jul-1999 | AN-No. 1GPAN08
The application note describes the Measurement Uncertainty Analysis Program NRV-Z. The program is used to determine measurement uncertainties that inevitably arise when using power meters. In particular, it covers the NRV-Z family of thermal sensors and diode sensors for high-precision power measurements, as well as the compatible basic units NRVD, NRVS and URV55.
26-Jul-2001 | AN-No. 1GP43
This application note shows all necessary settings for performing Dual Receiver Measurement using the R&S®EMC32-K27 option via R&S® EMC32 Measurement Software.
28-Sep-2017 | AN-No. 1SP20
Stable operation in all circumstances is essential for power converters. Different working conditions, such as load steps, startup/shutdown sequences and input voltage variation, apply to most converter types. In addition to the standard feedback control loop, integrated pulse width modulation (PWM) controllers provide extended functions, such as line feed-forward loop control and soft-start control. These extended control functions improve regulation for specific conditions. Such complex regulation systems require smart methods to ensure proper operation of the converter in all modes. For this task, extensive expertise and the right measurement tools are essential for identifying and locating unexpected events in the system.
11-Oct-2023
This application note outlines two different approaches for remote-controlling Rohde & Schwarz instruments out of MathWorks MATLAB:The first one uses VISA connection and direct SCPI commands.The second approach takes advantage of Rohde & Schwarz VXI plug&play instrument drivers and MATLAB Instrument Control Toolbox.
12-Jun-2017 | AN-No. 1MA171
This Application Note describes measurements compliant with the CDMA2000® base station standard described in 3GPP2 C.S0010-C v2.0 / TIA/EIA-97-F-1. The primary focus is on solutions for generating and analyzing CDMA2000® signals. The special characteristics that make the selected signal generators and signal analyzers highly suitable for this purpose are detailed, and remote control programming is demonstrated by means of a free-of-charge program.
15-Sep-2009 | AN-No. 1MA109
This application note highlights various aeronautical radio navigation signals such as VHF omnidirectional radio range (VOR), instrument landing system (ILS) for glide slope (GS) and localizer (LLZ), as well as marker beacon (MB). Rohde & Schwarz test and measurement solutions for avionics navigation equipment are introduced based on application scenarios, including calibration, research and development, field tests, and transceiver testing.
01-Feb-2012 | AN-No. 1MA193
This application note explains step by step all necessary settings for transmitting parameters of the disturbance signal from an EMS test to a dAV Camera System via serial port or LAN interface. The dAV Camera System overlays these parameters onto the camera signal.
10-Dec-2019
Phase distortions in a transmission channel are determined using group delay measurements, they must be as low as possible to maintain good signal quality. Vector network analyzers are normally used to characterize the group delay variations as a measure of phase distortion.This application note provides basic information about the concept of a group delay measurement with spectrum analyzers and signal generators, and how this method simplifies the test setup and improves the measurement speed.Measurement examples show the limiting factors of this approach and help the user to understand and avoid some limitations of this method. In addition the test results are compared to those generated with vector network analyzers.
09-Aug-2017 | AN-No. 1EF98
The R&S MATLAB® Toolkit for Signal Generators provides routines for remote controlling these instruments. Additional MATLAB® scripts turn I/Q vectors into the Rohde & Schwarz waveform file format for use with an ARB. This application note describes the installation and use of the R&S MATLAB® Toolkit on Microsoft Widows and Linux based systems.
26-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 1GP60
This application note describes how to generate cdma2000® signals for wide ranging receiver tests under fading conditions for cdma2000® 450/Cellular/PCS/IMT-2000 mobile and base station equipment. The test setup requires an Rohde & Schwarz Universal Radio Communication Tester CMU with IQ-IF interface option CMU-B17 and a baseband fading simulator ABFS. The cdma2kFadLevCor program included with this application note performs a semi automatic level correction of the power fed to the Device Under Test (DUT).
21-Jan-2005 | AN-No. 1MA64
The hardware-in-the-loop options for the R&S®SMBV100B and the R&S®SMW200A GNSS simulators enable realistic, cost-efficient and flexible testing in a user-controlled environment.
03-Jun-2019
The R&S®QPS product family provides high resolution security scanning and was specifically designed to promote faster, more effective and comfortable people screening at security checkpoints. Utilizing safe millimeterwave radio frequency technology, the R&S®QPS security scanners automatically and safely detect potentially dangerous person-borne threats and contraband.
24-Jan-2019
Noise-Power-Ratio (NPR) measurements are a common procedure and a simple but useful tool to characterize the performance of power amplifiers for satellites or other multi-channel communication systems. The main advantage is the use of wideband signals like noise, multi-carrier CW tones or I/Q modulated signals, which leads to a better simulation of the real environment. This application note provides information how to generate these signals with a vector signal generator and perform NPR measurements with spectrum analyzers. With the R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator any desired test signal can be created. The R&S®FSW spectrum and signal analyzer offers an automated function for NPR measurements. The limiting factors of both a vector signal generator and a spectrum analyzer are explained. Measurement examples show the practical results of NPR measurements.
24-Jun-2019 | AN-No. 1EF108
3GPP TS25.141 defines conformance tests for W-CDMA base stations (including HSPA+ features). This application note describes how transmitter (Tx) tests (TS25.141 Chapter 6) can be performed quickly and easily by using signal and spectrum analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz. A few tests additionally require vector signal generators from Rohde & Schwarz. Example illustrates manual operation. A free software program enables and demonstrates remote operation. The W-CDMA base station receiver (Rx) tests (TS25.141 Chapter 7) are described in Application Note 1MA114.
21-Oct-2014 | AN-No. 1MA67
Air Traffic Control (ATC) radar, military Air Traffic Surveillance (ATS) radar and meteorological radar operate in S-Band frequency range. In fact 4G communication systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) make also use of these frequencies. Test and measurement of their coexistence is absolutely essential as performance degradation of mobile devices and networks and even malfunction of ATC radars has been proven.This application note describes LTE and S-Band radar coexistence test and measurement. It addresses LTE user equipment, base stations and S-Band radars and presents test solutions.
28-Mar-2014 | AN-No. 1MA211
Its dual-path concept plus its ability to duplicate baseband signals make the R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator ideal for efficient GSM/EDGE AMsuppression conformance testing.
28-Feb-2017
This application note shows how to run 3GPP WCDMA BER and BLER tests according to standard TS 25.141 with the Vector Signal Generators R&S®SMBV100A, R&S®SMJ100A, or R&S®SMU200A. The description of hardware test setup is followed by detailed instructions on how to configure the R&S® generators and how to run a BER or BLER test step by step. Remote control commands for the generators are included, to simplify integrating the BER/BLER tests into your proprietary test suite.
06-Mar-2009 | AN-No. 1MA144
The fact that cable TV networks are generally located in densely populated areas or extend over large geographical regions makes the presence of line extenders at regular intervals a necessity. Cascading large numbers of amplifiers however calls for excellent noise, SWR and intermodulation distortion specifications for the integrated amplifiers in order to avoid quality of service dropping below minimum acceptable levels. Composite second order, composite triple beat & cross modulation are commonly used figures to specify the performance of CATV equipment. In this application note we describe how to determine these figures with the aid of R&S SMU200A or AFQ100A and SMV vector signal generators.
11-Aug-2006 | AN-No. RAC-0605-016
The SMIQB Vector Signal Generator and the AMIQ I/Q Modulation Generator with the WinIQSIM™ software are outstanding signal sources for 3rd generation communication systems. This paper describes how to apply R&S signal generators for 3GPP WCDMA measurements, and introduces 3GPP WCDMA and related measurement applications.
27-Nov-2000 | AN-No. 1GP39
A great number of measurements have to be performed to determine the quality of FM tuners. This Application Note presents a program that permits these measurements to be carried out in line with DIN EN60315-4.
11-Feb-2003 | AN-No. 1GA43
For conducted immunity tests, EMC labs require a test signal source driven at high RF powers and at defined frequencies. Rohde&Schwarz offers a compact solution with a signal generator, an RF solid-state amplifier with power up to 350 W, power sensors and test software for the frequency range from 4 kHz to 400 MHz.
03-Dec-2021
Measurement deviations due to systematic errors of a network analysis system can be drastically reduced by an appropriate system error calibration. After system error correction, the residual measurement uncertainties are - besides the stability, linearity, and dynamic range of the network analyzer system - mainly affected by the quality of the calibration standards and the repeatability of the connections. The effective measurement accuracy of the network analysis system can be determined using the results of successive verification measurements utilizing highly precise verification standards.
24-Jan-2001 | AN-No. 1EZ48
This application note provides information how to perform spectral emissionmeasurements on pulsed signals with spectrum analyzers using RBW filters with verywide bandwidth, and explains the capabilities and the limiting factors of the Rohde &Schwarz FSW signal and spectrum analyzer to perform this measurement.
06-Jun-2019 | AN-No. 1EF106
DIRECTV®, a digital TV broadcast system, makes use of transport packets with a length of 130 bytes rather than the more common 188 bytes used in MPEG TS streams. The inputs on the R&S® SFU do not accept transport streams in the DIRECTV® format. This Application Note introduces R&S® DIRECTV tool and explains how it can be used to convert existing 130-byte-based DIRECTV® transport stream content to 188-byte-based ISO 13818-1 streams that are compatible with the R&S® SFU SPI input or the internal R&S® SFU TRP player. This tool is intended for Rohde & Schwarz customers who are licensed to operate an R&S® SFU-K9 DIRECTV coder or R&S® SFU-K108 AMC coder.
05-Oct-2007 | AN-No. 7BM69
This operation guide describes how to measure HSUPA test cases according to 3GPP TS 34.121 V8.0 with R&S®CMU200. Setting files according to the test requirements are attached.
08-Oct-2009 | AN-No. RCS0712-0053
The R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator with the R&S®SMW-K78 radar echo generation option tests L-/S-/X-/Ku-band radars up to 40 GHz RF frequency more flexibly than ever before. Since it allows the object range, radial velocity and radar cross section (RCS) of radar echo signals to be configured, it is ideal for radar development, maintenance and training.
08-Sep-2016
A Test Port Adapter System is implemented for all Rohde & Schwarz equipment, which operates above 26 GHz in order to protect the RF front-end from mechanical damage. The Test Port Adapter System consists of an RF front-end interface called the Test Port Adapter Body, and the Test Port Adapter Head which is attached to the Body. The Head provides an interface to a cable or device under test. This Application Note identifies the various types of Test Port Adapters, their parameters, compatibilities and usages.
28-Apr-2015 | AN-No. 1MA100
The R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer offers a dynamic range that is unbeatable on the market. This kind of sensitivity unlocks potential applications that previously could not be addressed with a vector network analyzer.
07-Jan-2019