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Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
752 Results
This application note shows how to use Rohde & Schwarz signal generators and analyzers for testing early 5G New Radio components, chipsets and devices. Methods for easy creation and analysis of custom OFDM are explained. The solution provides● a single user interface for signal generation and analysis configuration● Flexible OFDM configuration and signal generation incl. flexible pilot and data allocation● User defined modulation schemes including complex scenarios, e.g. 5G NR PSS
23-Oct-2017 | AN-No. 1MA308
The high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI™) is used to transmit audio and video data. HDMI has become the standard for a variety of consumer electronic products, such as Blu-ray™ players, A/V receivers, set-top box, TV monitors and digital video/ still cameras. The HDMI interface measurements needed for these products require specialized T&M equipment. This equipment is not only needed for certification, but is also used for a variety of tests during development, for quality assurance and for end-of-line production testing. The R&S®VTC, R&S®VTE and R&S®VTS video testers from Rohde & Schwarz make it possible to test A/V interfaces such as HDMI easily, reliably and cost efficiently. This application note focuses on functional testing and debugging of HDMI interfaces using the R&S®VTC/VTE/VTS. It explains how these instruments can be used to assess the HDCP implementation, the ARC or the CEC functionality.
04-Jun-2014 | AN-No. 7BM85
The R&S®ELEKTRA EMC test software is a solution that controls complete EMC systems and automates measurements on equipment under test that is being tested for emissions and immunity compliance. It can be used to remotely control R&S®AdVISE, which is a visual inspection software to monitor up to 32 different Regions of Interest in one video for visible and audible changeThis Application Note describes how to set up R&S®ELEKTRA and R&S®AdVISE for remote testing.
23-Jul-2020 | AN-No. 1S005
Over-the-air (OTA) beamforming testing
04-May-2018
This Application Note describes two programs for calculating conversions: 1.: The Power Unit Calculator Power, dBm, dBmV and Volts @ 50 W 2.: The VSWR Calculator Reflection, VSWR, Return loss and Power reflection Reflections, Reflectionl to Mismatch Uncertainty.
03-Jul-1998 | AN-No. 1MA12
The application note describes the Measurement Uncertainty Analysis Program NRV-Z. The program is used to determine measurement uncertainties that inevitably arise when using power meters. In particular, it covers the NRV-Z family of thermal sensors and diode sensors for high-precision power measurements, as well as the compatible basic units NRVD, NRVS and URV55.
26-Jul-2001 | AN-No. 1GP43
Modern, capacitive touchscreens as used, for example, in mobile phones are susceptible to common mode noise exhibited by external power supplies (EPS).
17-May-2018
The R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer with integrated LO output and direct IF input options is a simple, cost-effective solution for 2-port and 4-port measurements using Rohde & Schwarz mmWave converters.
19-Jul-2021
Energy efficiency of RF Frontends (RFFE), especially transmitters, continues to gain greater prominence.Meeting the efficiency challenge is increasingly difficult at higher operating frequencies and bandwidths, such as those proposed for 5G.There is a group of transmitter RFFE architectures whose signal output is constructed from two, or more, efficiently generated components. This signal construction in effect, means that such architectures use predictive, post-correction linearization. Their predictive nature enables distortion to be completely eliminated.The capabilities of multi-channel signal synthesis setups with R&S®SMW200A, in combination with the R&S®FSW analyzer enable measurement, hence development, of these types of transmitters.The document focusses on devices for the 3.5 GHz NR (5G New Radio) candidate band, but its findings are equally applicable to developments and measurements for, for example, K-band satellite applications or mmW NR candidate bands, where efficiency is an even more crucial design target.
01-Aug-2017 | AN-No. 1MA289
DIRECTV®, a digital TV broadcast system, makes use of transport packets with a length of 130 bytes rather than the more common 188 bytes used in MPEG TS streams. The inputs on the R&S® SFU do not accept transport streams in the DIRECTV® format. This Application Note introduces R&S® DIRECTV tool and explains how it can be used to convert existing 130-byte-based DIRECTV® transport stream content to 188-byte-based ISO 13818-1 streams that are compatible with the R&S® SFU SPI input or the internal R&S® SFU TRP player. This tool is intended for Rohde & Schwarz customers who are licensed to operate an R&S® SFU-K9 DIRECTV coder or R&S® SFU-K108 AMC coder.
05-Oct-2007 | AN-No. 7BM69
Spectrum that was previously reserved for TV broadcasting is being freed up in many countries for use under the new Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile radio standard (keyword: 'digital dividend'). As a result, numerous coexistence scenarios are possible. So network operators and manufacturers from both the mobile radio and the broadcast sector have a vital interest in avoiding any interference and performing in-depth testing of their products. Rohde & Schwarz offers a wideranging product portfolio for such applications. This Application Note presents Test & Measurement equipment for the broadcast and mobile radio sector and discusses some possible test setups.
08-Dec-2011 | AN-No. 1MA176
Radar technology is essential for state-of-the art and future vehicles on the path to full autonomous driving. Radar sensors deliver critical information about the surrounding traffic environment or monitor the interior of the vehicle. As safety-relevant parts, radar sensors must adhere to specifications and regulations.
12-Dec-2022
Power amplifiers for WCDMA/3GPP base stations should have the best possible spectral purity and smallest intermodulation distortion, in order to prevent disturbance of the neighbouring channels. To test such amplifiers, signal generators are required that can generate WCDMA signals with low noise and intermodulation over a very wide dynamic range. The R&S SMIQ03HD signal generator with its outstanding Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) performance is especially designed for these applications. This application note describes how to use SMIQ03HD to get the best performance with 3GPP single and multi carrier signals.
02-Sep-2002 | AN-No. 1GP52
This Application Note describes the HSDPA uplink channel structure. Challenges for UE power amplifier design are outlined, and guidelines how to use R&S measurement equipment for testing UE power amplifiers are provided. An outlook on High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) and the impact of HSUPA on the uplink channel structure is given.
11-Jul-2011 | AN-No. 1MA84
Testing the tolerance to phase and impulsive noise is an integral part of quality tests for DVB-T/H and ATSC (8VSB) receivers, and several national and international standards specify guidelines and minimum requirements in this context. This Application Note introduces the R&S SFU-K42 impulsive noise option, the R&S SFU-K41 phase noise option, as well as the R&S SFU-K43 multinoise use option and describes how these can be used for testing the tolerance to phase and impulsive noise on commercial receivers.
26-Jan-2007 | AN-No. 7BM64
The R&S®ESW-B8 and R&S®ESW-B8E extended bandwidth options allow the R&S®ESW EMI test receiver to measure with a resolution bandwidth of up to 80 MHz. The increasing number of wideband applications (e.g. radar sensors) and accompanying standards means there is now a greater interest in wide bandwidth measurements.This application note describes the following topics for the R&S®ESW EMI test receiver:► Characteristics and implementation of RF signal paths► Image responses and how their rejection is handled ► Ultrawideband measurement applications as required e.g. by ETSI standards► Solutions for efficiently coping with bandwidth limitations in the range above 8 GHz
19-Nov-2020 | AN-No. 1EE26
Most of the tests specified in standard TS 34.121 [1] for 3GPP Rel-6 can be performed with R&S®CMU200. This document provides a step by step guide on how to perform Rel-6 measurements on transmitter characteristics and performance tests according to TS 34.121 V8.7.0 clauses 5 and 10 with stand-alone R&S®CMU200. Test cases that require additional instruments, e.g. fading generator (R&S®SMU200A or R&S®AMU200A) will be discussed in brief in this application note with recommended reference. A set of *.sav files based on R&S®CMU200 firmware V5.03 for UE supporting operating band I and power class 3 in RMC 12.2 kbps + HSPA is attached to this application note.
07-Oct-2009 | AN-No. 1CM73
This application note reviews the measurement uncertainty analysis and traceability for phase noise with the new R&S®FSWP Phase Noise Analyzer.It describes the new approach for measuring phase noise with the R&S®FSWP using direct downconversion with cross correlation and focuses on traceability using a derived primary measurement standard.
05-Jul-2016 | AN-No. 1EF95
The battery life measurement solution for the R&S®CMW500 platform identifies which ECUs and which applications running on telematics units impact battery life.
23-Aug-2017
Three hardware modifications of the option External Measurements ZVR-B25 enable the bidirectional network analyzers of the ZVR-family to carry out 4-port measurements. For the measurements, the four ports PORT 1, PORT 2, INPUT b1 and INPUT b2 at the front panel of the ZVR(E) are utilized. The fifth connector, ie OUTPUT a1, is not required for this purpose. As detailed below, the necessary modifications of the test set of the analyzer are described for the model ZVR. Of course, the modifications can be done in a similar way for the model ZVRE as well.
28-Jul-1998 | AN-No. 1EZ25
The constantly increasing number of telecommunication services and subscribers is putting more and more pressure on the availability of already scarse frequencies. Authorities responsible for monitoring and regulating the radio traffic are confronted with more and more complex problems relating to radiomonitoring and frequency management. Without exact data - a prerequisite for monitoring existing installations and planning new services - it is impossible to solve the problem. It is essential to use the proper measurement equipment. This Application Note deals with the following measurements: Measuring various signal parameters at defined frequencies. Monitoring emissions for compliance with specified limits for field strength, modulation depth/index, frequency deviation and offset.
18-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1EE13
This application note illustrates the operation of the OFDM measurement software R&S FSQ-K96. It describes applications, setup, features, settings and results. Further it concentrates on generating the configuration file for R&S FSQ-K96, the appropriate IQ data files for Signal Analyzer R&S FSQ and waveform files for R&S Signal Generators. With this description the user obtains a complete R&S test solution for signal generation and analysis of generic OFDM signals.
17-Oct-2008 | AN-No. 1EF65
The R&S® ZVA-Z110 converters offered for the R&S® ZVA family enable network analysis in the W band (75 GHz to 110 GHz). In this Application Note, measurements with three or four converters will be discussed. Test configurations for such measurements have so far been implemented only with coaxial connector systems for a frequency range up to approx. 40 GHz. The term 'multiport measurements' was created for this type of measurements.
09-Oct-2007 | AN-No. 1EZ56
The R&S®SMW-K546 software option aids the optimum design of multiple path amplifiers, including Doherty Amplifiers.This application note provides guidance on the use of the software option, both for direct control and programming via the touchscreen, and for remote control using SCPI.The software and associated techniques may similarly be used to develop other quasi-linear, multi-path amplifiers; including Balanced, Anti-Phase (so-called Push-Pull), Distributed, Spatially Combined, Load Modulated Balanced and many more.
13-Jul-2020 | AN-No. GFM345
Since June 2017 almost all radio transmitters and receivers sold or put into operation in the European Union have to be tested for immunity against interferers in adjacent frequency bands. ETSI standard EN 303 345 defines the tests to be performed on broadcast sound receivers, and the requirements to be passed.This application note describes the test procedures and provides script files and interferer signals for the Broadcast Test Center R&S®BTC.
29-May-2020 | AN-No. 1GP117
The CMD 57/59 output level for BER measurement can be calibrated to high accuracy to match GSM 11.21, (with modulated signals and adjacent timeslots + 50 dB above the used timeslot) using a simple test setup containing an NRVD power meter and an FSE spectrum analyzer.
10-Mar-2000 | AN-No. 1MA24
Batteries are dynamic energy sources that diverge from ideal voltage sources. The R&S®NGM-K106 battery simulation option recreates battery models on the R&S®NGM200/NGU201 does far more than standard models.
02-May-2023
This Application Note briefly explains the theoretical background regarding phase noise before describing the phase noise option for the R&S SFU. You will see how the phase noise profile creator application software can be used to generate specific phase noise curves and how to output them with the aid of the R&S SFU.
22-Aug-2007 | AN-No. 7BM63
This document provides information on how to perform manual testing based on current R&S TA-TRS QuickStep V4.05 platform in order to adapt to the new released EN 303 345 for broadcast sound receivers. It serves as a bridged document before new standard software package released by R&S for upgrade.
14-Apr-2021
The aim of this application note is to provide information regarding Rohde & Schwarz instrument drivers. This paper shall help application engineers and software developers to easily get an understanding of advanced techniques to develop test and measurement (T&M) applications by utilizing Rohde & Schwarz instrument drivers. Furthermore the nomenclature used for Rohde & Schwarz instrument drivers will be explained.
01-Jan-2013 | AN-No. 1MA153