Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
1113 Results
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20-Jul-2001 | AN-No. 7BM10
RF performance measurements for Wi-Fi 7.
30-May-2022
Create and simulate detailed traffic situations for the verification of cellular V2X (C-V2X) connectivity
30-Jun-2022
The R&S®Pulse Sequencer software offers an easy way to simulate moving radar emitters and a moving receiver for EW receiver tests. The software together with the R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator is a powerful radar simulator. It enables engineers to generate highly dynamic 3D scenarios in the lab.
18-Sep-2018
With the extension of the 3GPP FDD system to include HSDPA, the HS-DPCCH has been added as a new code channel in the uplink. This Application Note describes the transmitter measurements provided by the CMU200 to perform the transmitter measurements defined in TS 34.121 in presence of the HS-DPCCH. CMU200 receiver measurements according to TS 34.121 that measure the throughput and the CQI reporting are described. Subject to change – T. Braun, November 2005 - 1CM62
25-Nov-2005 | AN-No. 1CM62
The GSM mobile phone system is the first civil radio network using purely digital transmission methods. In addition to the modulation mode GMSK (Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying) itself, both a time and a frequency multiplex method are used. This means for instance that the bits to be transmitted are distributed to several socalled bursts (time multiplex). These bursts are then in turn transmitted at different frequencies in the frequency hopping mode. Due to the frequency hopping mode, the timing used in GSM/PCN networks and the low phase error required for correct data transmission, stringent requirements regarding the frequency transient response are placed on the synthesizers used in the base and mobile stations. For a frequency error of <100 Hz the transient response must be within approx. 100 us to keep the residual phase error caused by the synthesizer sufficiently small. The Modulation Analyzer FMA/FMB with its high-precision AM and FM demodulators featuring DC coupling capability is particularly suitable for an uncomplicated measurement of transient responses in conjunction with an oscilloscope. Both the FMA with its low residual FM in the GSM band from 890 to 960 MHz and the FMB, which in addition also covers the PCN band from 1710 to 1880 MHz, provide in conjunction with the fast transient response of the FM demodulator the characteristics required. Highest precision regarding the transient response is provided by the FMA/FMB's special function 'IF 300 kHz'.
03-Jun-1998 | AN-No. 1EF08
An automated test solution based on the R&S®CMW wideband radio communication tester fully supports the new test cases for real-time submeter positioning.
10-Jun-2022
The R&S WiMAX application firmware R&S FSx-K93 calculates several different power parameters. This application note describes the basic power measurements of WiMAX OFDMA signals and gives an overview of the calculation of the different values.
11-Jul-2007 | AN-No. 1EF60
The I/Q-Modulation Generator AMIQ provides high precision I/Q analog output for data calculated by the software WinIQSIM. Additionally, the software AMIQ-K2 enables you to read, convert, and transfer existing data files from various other programs to AMIQ format. Input formats supported by AMIQ-K2 are: - The propriety R&S programs IQSIM and DAB-K1. - Mathematic calculation programs like Matlab and Mathcad. - AWG202, COSSAP and ADS data files. AMIQ-K2 also provides you with remote control for AMIQ. For hardware and software requirements see section 2. AMIQ-K2 transfers data to AMIQ using either - GPIB - RS232. An extensive manual is supplied to help you use AMIQ-K2.
24-Nov-1999 | AN-No. 1MA10
The need for higher data rates and flexibility for IP and Cable TV (CATV) has led to the introduction of DOCSIS®3.1. With channel bandwidths up to 192 MHz and 96 MHz on the downstream and upstream respectively as well as the cable network frequency extension up to 1.2 GHz (1.8 GHz as a future extension) the technical requirements of cable components have increased significantly. This application note describes a test scenario tor testing cable components with an R&S®CLGD Cable Load Generator for DOCSIS 3.1 or R&S®SFD DOCSIS 3.1 Generator and an R&S®FSW Signal & Spectrum Analyzer.
24-Jan-2017 | AN-No. 1MA285
DECT standard ETS 300 175-2 prescribes among others measurement of the transmit power and the unwanted power in adjacent channels. Following a brief introduction into DECT, this Application Note describes the standard-conforming measurement of the normal transmit power NTP and the unwanted adjacent-channel power ACP using a spectrum analyzer from the FSE family ( firmware version 1.63 and higher). Option FSE-B7 (Vector Signal Analyzer) is required for measuring the normal transmit power NTP since the signal must be demodulated for this measurement. Due to the wide dynamic range of FSEA20 and FSEA30, the adjacent channel power ACP can be measured without bandpass filters suppressing the transmit channel. Option FSE-B7 is not required for measuring the adjacent-channel power.
28-Apr-1998 | AN-No. 1EF42
The present R&S®SMW-K503/-K504 Interface Control Document contains information on- the R&S descriptor word format, including pulse descriptor words and timed control descriptor words in basic and expert mode- Timing requirements and limitations of the real-time control interface- Properties of the ADV DATA/CTRL network interfaceIt is intended for use by customers using descriptor words to control the R&S®SMW200A in real-time. The interface control document specifies the interface between the customers hardware used for provision of descriptor words and the R&S®SMW200A ADV DATA/CTRL interface. Additional information on descriptor word processing inside the R&S®SMW200A is provided.
25-Aug-2021 | AN-No. 1GP133
The specialized R&S®MULTI-MOTION test sequences offered by the R&S®DVSG Digital Video Signal Generator permit a reproducible quality analysis of deinterlacing and motion portrayal for digital television (TV) displays. This makes it possible to study all potential degradations resulting from the progressive conversion separately. It also allows the various motion artefacts resulting from liquid crystal (LCD), plasma (PDP), and digital micromirror (DMD) technologies to be quantified. This application note explains how to draw specific conclusions from the sequence output on the test display.
01-Dec-2008 | AN-No. 7BM74
This application note describes how to generate GSM signals for wide ranging receiver tests under fading conditions for GSM/GPRS/Edge. The test setup requires an R&S®CMU Radio Communication Tester with IQ-IF interface option CMU-B17 and an R&S®SMIQ vector signal generator or baseband fading simulator ABFS for generating GSM. The GSMFadLevCor program included with this application note performs a semi automatic level correction of the power fed to the Device Under Test (DUT).
28-Aug-2009 | AN-No. 1MA60
The simple network management protocol (SNMP) can be used in a wide range of applications, as described in Rohde & Schwarz Application Note 7BM65 “The Simple Network Management Protocol: Remote Controlling for Monitoring Devices“. In particular, the option of centrally managing monitoring sensors – such as the R&S DVM for RF and baseband signals in digital broadcasting – shows the potential of this technology. However, the protocol alone is not enough to achieve this management functionality. Specialized management applications are needed that carry out the SNMP requests and display the results graphically. This application note and the associated SNMP example application will show how the R&S DVM family can be used for this type of application. Rohde & Schwarz customers can use the included source code (programming language: C#) to make the modifications needed for their own situations.
31-May-2007 | AN-No. 7BM66
Spectrum and network analyzers are capable of measuring large amounts of data that require complex mathematical processing; MATLAB is a powerful tool for such operations. This application note describes how instruments can be controlled directly from MATLAB scripts and how measurement data can be imported into MATLAB. Only 32-bit MATLAB is supported.
24-Sep-2007 | AN-No. 1EF46
The new WiMAX radio technology - worldwide interoperability for microwave access - is based on wireless transmission methods defined by the IEEE 802.16 standard. WiMAX has been developed to replace broadband cable networks such as DSL and to enable mobile broadband wireless access. Rohde & Schwarz offers a complete test solution for WiMAX applications by combining its Signal Generator R&S SMU200A and Signal Analyzer R&S FSQ plus the appropriate options.RuS_WiMAX_OFDM is a 10 minutes video on WiMAX OFDM measurements.Please see also 1MA96 for General information about the WiMAX standard and 1MA97 for Generating and analyzing 802.16-2004 and 802.16e-2005 signals.
11-Jul-2006 | AN-No. 1EF57
The R&S®CMU200 provides the signals required for 2nd order intermodulation (IM2) performance verification for WCDMA / CDMA2000® chipsets with zero IF design.This application note is a guide to configure the R&S®CMU200 for such an application.
16-Dec-2004 | AN-No. 1CM54
Rohde & Schwarz signal and spectrum analyzers equipped with the R&S®FSx-K30 option form the basis of a solution to accurately measure the noise figure in the millimeterwave frequency range using the Y-factor method.
17-Jul-2017
Modulation Analyzers FMA (up to 1.36 GHz) and FMB (up to 5 GHz) are high-grade FM demodulators from Rohde & Schwarz with highly stable synthesizer, low-noise FM demodulator, automatic frequency tuning and fine-tuning, separation of AM from FM,all of which make Analyzers FMA/FMB ideal for phase noise measurements.
03-Jun-1998 | AN-No. 1EF15
This application note introduces the methods to convert MediaFLO™ waveform files to ARB format to be used with R&S® Broadcast Signal Generators SFx-K35 ARB Generator. R&S® IQWIZARD and WinIQSIM™ software are used, providing a quick and simple file conversion method.
10-Nov-2008 | AN-No. 7BM73
The R&S®SITLine ETH's military-grade cryptography secures monitoring network data.
07-Jul-2014
The impedance of real-world passive components depends on frequency, signal level and DC bias. This has to be taken into account during circuit design. The R&S®LCX LCR meter is ideal for measuring these dependencies. The R&S®LCX sweep tool is an application program for conveniently performing such sweeps and displaying the results on charts.
17-Mar-2022
Propagation measurements are indispensable in the planning of digital, cellular mobile radio net-works. To find the optimum sites for the base stations, a mobile test transmitter system simulating the base station is operated from a number of possible locations. The test receiver system is accommodated in a vehicle, which is driven along a test route to perform measurements. The parameters measured, such as level, bit error rate or channel impulse response, provide information on the coverage within the cell. The main problem is to minimize interference caused by multipath propagation in the reception area. The SME offered by Rohde & Schwarz is a universal test generator that can be used as the core of a test transmitter system. The SME generates the GMSK-modulated signals required for GSM propagation measurements in line with the rele-vant standards. Thanks to its low weight of 17 kg it can be carried even to remote sites. Fitted with the new optional DM Memory Extension (SME-B12, in the following referred to as XMEM), the SME is able to store data sequences of up to 8 Mbit which are long enough for receiver measurements with test mobile stations. A suitable test receiver system is for instance a test mobile station for measuring level and bit error rate and the Impulse Response Analyzer PCS from Rohde & Schwarz for measuring the channel impulse response. The present Application Note describes how the XMEM can be loaded with suitable data (test sequence) by the GSM Radiocommunication Test Set CRTP from Rohde & Schwarz and how the SME has to be adjusted for GMSK modulation of these data. First, however, an overview is given of all functions of the XMEM and their operation supplementary to the Operating Manual. Finally, it is explained how the XMEM data can be transferred between PC and SME via the IEEE-488 or RS-232 interface.
01-Jul-1999 | AN-No. 1GPAN14
Deep memory in an oscilloscope ensures that long waveforms are captured with high resolution right down to the details thanks to a high sustained sample rate. Users can be confident that they are not ‘missing anything’. They benefit from viewing longer periods of time and quickly finding signal anomalies or important events.
21-Mar-2017
Testing the tolerance to phase and impulsive noise is an integral part of quality tests for DVB-T/H and ATSC (8VSB) receivers, and several national and international standards specify guidelines and minimum requirements in this context. This Application Note introduces the R&S SFU-K42 impulsive noise option, the R&S SFU-K41 phase noise option, as well as the R&S SFU-K43 multinoise use option and describes how these can be used for testing the tolerance to phase and impulsive noise on commercial receivers.
26-Jan-2007 | AN-No. 7BM64
Communication systems according to IS-136 (NADC) use Time Division Multiplex Access (TDMA) for the communication between base station and mobile stations. There are 6 time slots available. Depending on the amount of data, which have to be transmitted, the system uses full rate channels or half rate channels. A full rate channel means, that the mobile is accessed every 3rd time slot (e.g time slot 1 and 3, time slot 2 and 4 or time slot 3 and 6). With half rate channels the mobile is accessed every 6th time slot. Full rate and half rate channels may be mixed on demand. The base stations transmit continous on their frequency. Depending on the used combination of full rate and half rate channels the base station uses a different sequence of synchronisation words. The mobile stations use bursted transmission with one of the synchronisation words S1 to S6 defined in the standard. Signal Generator SME is excellently suited to generate these signals to test either base station receivers or mobile phone receivers. Together with the modulation data supplied with this application note the SME serves as a signal source for various test and measurement applications in the whole frequency range of IS-136 (NADC).
01-Jul-1999 | AN-No. 1GPAN35
Sequencer Software Tool
20-Feb-2015