Your task
Validating the performance of an RF or microwave receiver can be broken down into two tasks. First, verifying the performance with known “good” signals to determine the quality of the receiver under ideal conditions. Then, once the receiver is working in this clean environment, the signal environment can be degraded to determine how the receiver operates in a challenging, real-world environment.
To successfully determine the performance of the receiver under ideal conditions, it is important to be able to test how the receiver handles signals that are at the extremes of its operating ranges. This means testing at the highest and lowest power levels, at both ends of the operating frequency band, with the widest, fastest signals. To meet these requirements, the signal generator must have the flexibility to provide these signals, but more importantly, it must be able to provide these signals very cleanly.
The goal is to measure and determine the performance of the receiver, not the signal generator, so the signal purity specifications of the signal generator are critical.
Testing under nonideal conditions or with more real-world signals is an obvious way to quantify how the receiver will perform when it is operational; however, it places much greater demands on the signal generator and the overall test setup. Common tests involve determining the receiver sensitivity and its ability to demodulate a lowpower “wanted” signal in the presence of a high-power unwanted or interfering signal. Basically this is a check to determine if the receiver can ignore these unwanted signals and still operate correctly. Another test is to determine if the receiver can select and demodulate the required signal from a crowded spectrum. Both of these tests typically require at least two signal generators, one to produce the signal to be demodulated by the receiver and a second generator to produce the interfering signal. The use of this second generator adds complexity to the task. Not only does it require external cabling and combiners to add the signals together, but when the application calls for pulsed, time varying or hopped signals, these two signal sources need to be precisely time aligned.