Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
1108 Results
VSC4G, VCS-G4, VSC R&S VCS-4G for simulator and training systems. CERTIUM VCS for simulator and training systems VSC4G, VCS-G4, VSC R&S VCS-4G for simulator and training systems. CERTIUM VCS for simulator and training systems VSC4G, VCS-G4, VSC R&S VCS-4G for simulator and training systems. Related products
18-Jun-2013
This application note describes measurements compliant with the cdma2000® standard described in TIA/EIA-97-C and TIA/EIA-98-C. The primary focus is on solutions for generating and analyzing cdma2000® signals with equipment from Rohde & Schwarz. The special characteristics that make the signal generators and signal analyzers eminently suitable for this purpose are detailed.
27-Mar-2001 | AN-No. 1MA34
The Rohde & Schwarz SFU supports several modes of level setting. This Application Note describes the differences between these modes and especially describes a method to achieve a seamless transition without any impact to the output signal during a change of settings on an Rohde & Schwarz SFU (Firmware version > 1.30).
23-Jun-2006 | AN-No. 7BM54
Signal generators are often used in automated test environment applications. The replacement of those instruments, e.g., due to malfunction or standard replacement procedures requires special care to be taken in consideration. Replacement of those instruments requires compabitiblity between the replacement and the replaced device in at least the electrical and remote-control features. This application note describes in detail how to use the emulation modes of the R&S® series SMA100A, SMB100A, SMF100A signal generators.
24-Jun-2008 | AN-No. 1GP71
A test setup is described for easy demonstration of the Bit Error Rate Test (BERT) function of AMIQ/AMIQ-B1. The test setup contains I/Q Modulation Generator AMIQ/AMIQ-B1 controlled by I/Q Simulation Software WinIQSIM, Vector Signal Generator SMIQ and Spectrum/Vector Signal Analyzer FSE/FSE-B7. The FSE with FSE-B7 is used as online FSK demodulator (setting: Analog demodulation, FM Signal, DC coupling, Real Time On) to demodulate the SMIQ RF signal FSK-modulated by PRBS data. The AMIQ is controlled by WinIQSIM software and receives the demodulated AF output signal from the FSE for BER testing.
29-Sep-1998 | AN-No. 1MA16
LTE user equipment (UE) receiver performance has significant impact to cellular radio network coverage and capacity. It determines the maximum data throughput across the air interface between the LTE base station (eNB, evolved node B) and the mobile network subscriber UE, thus it determines the total capacity across the air interface. Therefore, it is one of the most important measurements to verify the actual receiver performance of individual devices, and a key metric to compare different devices, in particular.This paper shall give an introduction to receiver performance measurements and discusses the measurement metrics as well as the challenges of over the air (OTA) measurements.
31-Aug-2017 | AN-No. 1ST001
Power converters with a full-bridge topology are frequently used in telecommunications and servers that need to be compact, efficient and cost sensitive, making them more complex. Switching patterns for all the main primary switches including synchronous rectifier switches need to be validated after the first protype is built. This complex validation requires proper measurement of switching patterns to prevent catastrophic switching patterns. Expertise and the right measurement tools are essential when identifying unexpected events in the converter switching process.
17-Jan-2024
A whole series of measurements has to be carried out for drafting an acceptance test report for a VHF sound broadcasting transmitter in compliance with ARD Specifications 5/3.1 (= TL 5820-3018 of the Deutsche Bundespost). As in most cases parameters like transmitter output power, frequency stability, spurious modulation, etc. have to be measured in the two stereo channels of the transmitter separately and at different modulation frequencies and frequency deviation, manual-controlled measurements are very time-consuming. In addition, a great variety of test equipment eg AF generator, stereodecoder, level meter, etc. is required for the measurements. FMAB with option FMA-B4 (AM/FM Calibrator / AF Generator) is ideally suitable for these measurements on VHF sound broadcasting receivers. The internal AF generator provides the signals required for the left and the right stereo channel. The MPX signal from the VHF transmitter is decoded by the built-in stereodecoder. As a result many of the tests and measurements required for the acceptance of VHF sound broadcasting receivers can be carried out without any additional test equipment being required. To give an example, a test program running under the graphics user interface Microsoft Windows has been developed for carrying out automatic power and modulation measurements via a PC.
04-Jun-1998 | AN-No. 1EF09
Power amplifiers for WCDMA/3GPP base stations should have the best possible spectral purity and smallest intermodulation distortion, in order to prevent disturbance of the neighbouring channels. To test such amplifiers, signal generators are required that can generate WCDMA signals with low noise and intermodulation over a very wide dynamic range. The R&S SMIQ03HD signal generator with its outstanding Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) performance is especially designed for these applications. This application note describes how to use SMIQ03HD to get the best performance with 3GPP single and multi carrier signals.
02-Sep-2002 | AN-No. 1GP52
The R&S®SMW-K546 software option aids the optimum design of multiple path amplifiers, including Doherty Amplifiers.This application note provides guidance on the use of the software option, both for direct control and programming via the touchscreen, and for remote control using SCPI.The software and associated techniques may similarly be used to develop other quasi-linear, multi-path amplifiers; including Balanced, Anti-Phase (so-called Push-Pull), Distributed, Spatially Combined, Load Modulated Balanced and many more.
13-Jul-2020 | AN-No. GFM345
GTSL (Generic Test Software Library ) is part of the production test systems R&S TS7100/ TS7180, simplifies very much test programming with the CMU200 and can be used together with the ”Test Executive” TestStand ® from National Instruments. This application note shows how GTSL can be implemented outside a TestStand ® environment and describes the accompanying source code of a demo ”Test Executive” developed in Microsoft ® Visual C++.
02-Jul-2002 | AN-No. 1SC01
R&S®Series4200 detection of simultaneous transmissions (DSiT) option for air traffic control
21-Aug-2014
The compact R&S®CMA180 Radio Test Set allows straighforward tests on devices that use analog or digital modulation and demodulation formats. This application note focusses on the use of the digital radio capabilities for measurements on radio transceiving devices in terms of their functionality and parameter characterization. Also shown is how to use the instrument with the various software tools available from Rohde & Schwarz for creating and evaluating digitally modulated signals. Various software examples are provided as free download along this paper. This application note addresses readers who develop, produce or optimize digital radio transmitting and receiving devices or maintain analog radio communication equipment alongside those with digital modulation.
10-Feb-2017 | AN-No. 1MA277
This application note describes how the most important fading tests for mobile phonesin all GSM frequency bands can be carried out cost-effectively using a combination of a CRTP/C02 Radiocommunication Tester and SMIQ Signal Generator.
23-May-2000 | AN-No. 1MA19
Using VISA (Virtual Instrument Software Architecture) several interfaces allow communication between your computer and instruments. This application note describes the usage of both - R&S® VISA- NI VISA running on Microsoft Windows 10™ with the following connection types: ► USB VCP (Virtual Com Port), also called USB CDC (Communications Device Class) ► USB TMC (Test and Measurement Class)► Ethernet Raw Port Socket► Ethernet in general e.g. VXI11 or HislipAll the examples are shown using the R&S® HMC8042 unless otherwise stated. There may be some difference when integrating other devices. As example some interface types are not available on every unit.This application note does not claim to be complete. All information has been compiled with care. However, errors can’t be ruled out.
28-Oct-2021 | AN-No. 1SL374
This application note describes how to generate test signals with Rohde & Schwarz signal generators of the R&S® SMx family (R&S®SMA100A, R&S®SMF100A, R&S®SML, R&S®SMT, and R&S®SMIQ) to perform interference testing on implantable medical devices using a small application software.
15-Jul-2009 | AN-No. RCS0812-0065
This Application Note describes characterization of devices used in radar systems with pulsed signals. The emphasis is on measurements using vector network analyzers (VNAs), signal generators, vector signal generators and spectrum analyzers.
18-Jan-2008 | AN-No. 1MA124
This Application Note describes the HSDPA uplink channel structure. Challenges for UE power amplifier design are outlined, and guidelines how to use R&S measurement equipment for testing UE power amplifiers are provided. An outlook on High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) and the impact of HSUPA on the uplink channel structure is given.
11-Jul-2011 | AN-No. 1MA84
High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) optimize UMTS for packet data services in the downlink and uplink, respectively. Together, they are referred to as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA). Within 3GPP Release 7, 8, 9 and 10, further improvements to HSPA have been specified in the context of HSPA+ or HSPA evolution. This Application Note describes how HSPA+ features can be tested using Rohde & Schwarz instruments.
26-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 1MA121
This Application Note provides an overview of the Bit Error Rate (BER) test capabilities of the Universal Radiocommunication Tester CMU300 on GSM / EDGE Base Stations. It includes information about measurement principles, the supported test environment and channels, CMU settings, operation, and ordering information.
15-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1CM32
When measuring the performance of 802.11 wireless LAN compatible receivers, Packet Error Rate (PER) tests are the method of choice today. This application note describes a simple way to conduct PER tests using signal generators on any 802.11 device, independent of their physical layer design (11b, 11a or 11g). The application software works with standard Windows™ drivers on any card independent of manufacturer. No additional hardware specific software is needed. Easy setup of the source signal is included with direct upload to an SMIQ or AMIQ.
09-Jan-2012 | AN-No. 1GP56
This Application tests whether a multi-mode mobile phone supporting both GSM and IS136 has registered onto a GSM network, or an 136 network. The test set-up requires a CRTx to provide the GSM BCCH carrier, and a CMU200 to provide the IS136 DCCH carrier.
07-Mar-2003 | AN-No. 1CM31
A lack of lip synchronicity is an effect that can severely impair the quality of TV reception. With modern digital signal processing, this audio-to-video delay occurs much more often than in earlier times when analog signal generation was used. The total delay can reach several hundred milliseconds, which is immediately noticeable on a TV home receiver. To prevent such impair-ments, the audio-to-video delay must be measured.
27-Aug-2002 | AN-No. 7BM44
The R&S spectrum analyzers and signal analyzers offer an additional equalizer filter in the Vector Signal Analysis Application Firmware R&S FSQ-K70/FSx-B73, which is a powerful tool for measurement and analysis of vector-modulated signals. This application note describes the functionality of the equalizer filter and how to set the filter parameter manually in an accurate and fast way.
06-Feb-2009 | AN-No. 1EF61
The R&S®SMB100A analog signal generator is the ideal calibration source for weather radar receivers due to its highly accurate output level.
25-Jan-2011
The Rohde & Schwarz R&S®CMU200 can be configured to perform packet data testing in a Mobile IP or Simple IP environment. This application note is intended as a guide to configuring the necessary Mobile IP or Simple IP network elements and R&S®CMU200 instrument for CDMA2000®1xEV-DO.
04-May-2007 | AN-No. 1CM64
When MPEG-2 transport streams are transmitted, the program clock reference PCR is transmitted as a time reference in the receiver. A sufficiently accurate and correctly received PCR is a precondition for correct data display in the receiver. This Application Note provides an overview of definitions, functions and use of the PCR. It also explains the recommended measurements of the current measurement guidelines and offers detailed instructions on how to use the PCR measurement functions of the R&S DVM family.
01-Jun-2006 | AN-No. 7BM55
ZVR is a vector network analyzer equipped with selective input channels for determining phase relations. Thus a wide dynamic range can be obtained. For measurements on frequency-converting DUTs (output frequency not identical to input frequency), the generator and receiver frequency ranges can be separately set. For measurements on DUTs using a built-in conversion oscillator, as is the case here, the conversion frequency must be exactly known so that the receiver can be accurately tuned to the respective output frequency. The maximum receiving bandwidth is 26.5 kHz. When a wide dynamic range is required, this bandwidth has to be reduced with the consequence that the requirement for the DUT output frequency and the ZVR receive frequency to be in agreement will be greater.
04-Aug-1998 | AN-No. 1EZ31
Its dual-path concept plus its ability to duplicate baseband signals make the R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator ideal for efficient GSM/EDGE AMsuppression conformance testing.
28-Feb-2017
This application note illustrates the operation of the OFDM measurement software R&S FSQ-K96. It describes applications, setup, features, settings and results. Further it concentrates on generating the configuration file for R&S FSQ-K96, the appropriate IQ data files for Signal Analyzer R&S FSQ and waveform files for R&S Signal Generators. With this description the user obtains a complete R&S test solution for signal generation and analysis of generic OFDM signals.
17-Oct-2008 | AN-No. 1EF65