Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
734 Results
This application note describes how to create and generate standard-conform IEEE 802.15.4 test signals with the Rohde & Schwarz Vector Signal Generators (VSG).
08-Jan-2016 | AN-No. 1GP105
The Rohde & Schwarz R&S®VTC and R&S®VTE video testers assess audio/video signals from the user's perspective (application testing). They are used to evaluate signal quality and to identify faults reliably. The tests are based on a difference analysis between the audio/video signal being tested and a reference signal. The required synchronization can be achieved by using a unique identifier, called a time code. This time code is inserted using the R&S®Time Code Inserter software described in this application note. This application note describes how time codes work and how to add a time code to any A/V file.
16-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 7BM84
1SL391 audio, breakthrough, ETSI EN 301 489 Audio Breakthrough Assembly and Test Setup 1SL391 audio, breakthrough, ETSI EN 301 489 Related products
11-Oct-2022 | AN-No. 1SL391
This document describes typical measurements that are required to be made on amplifiers and how the measurement can be implemented on the ZVB Vector Network Analyzer. The document describes the concepts and setups required to perform Gain, Isolation, input impedance measurements, then goes on to describe how more uncommon measurements are made with the ZVB like Harmonics, Stability Factor and compression point.
07-Feb-2007 | AN-No. 1EZ54
Recent mobile test methods could not evaluate the quality of data reduced speech signals with different coded and decoded signals. The Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) provides the solution for this measuring problem. WCDMA PESQ is an add-on tool for CMUgo for automatic measurement of the PESQ for WCDMA mobile phones according to recommendation ITU-T P.862.1 featuring selectable fading profiles and variable Additional White Gaussian Noise (AWGN).
05-Jan-2012 | AN-No. 1MA137
This application note describes measurements compliant with the cdma2000® standard described in TIA/EIA-97-C and TIA/EIA-98-C. The primary focus is on solutions for generating and analyzing cdma2000® signals with equipment from Rohde & Schwarz. The special characteristics that make the signal generators and signal analyzers eminently suitable for this purpose are detailed.
27-Mar-2001 | AN-No. 1MA34
Signal generators are often used in automated test environment applications. The replacement of those instruments, e.g., due to malfunction or standard replacement procedures requires special care to be taken in consideration. Replacement of those instruments requires compabitiblity between the replacement and the replaced device in at least the electrical and remote-control features. This application note describes in detail how to use the emulation modes of the R&S® series SMA100A, SMB100A, SMF100A signal generators.
24-Jun-2008 | AN-No. 1GP71
A test setup is described for easy demonstration of the Bit Error Rate Test (BERT) function of AMIQ/AMIQ-B1. The test setup contains I/Q Modulation Generator AMIQ/AMIQ-B1 controlled by I/Q Simulation Software WinIQSIM, Vector Signal Generator SMIQ and Spectrum/Vector Signal Analyzer FSE/FSE-B7. The FSE with FSE-B7 is used as online FSK demodulator (setting: Analog demodulation, FM Signal, DC coupling, Real Time On) to demodulate the SMIQ RF signal FSK-modulated by PRBS data. The AMIQ is controlled by WinIQSIM software and receives the demodulated AF output signal from the FSE for BER testing.
29-Sep-1998 | AN-No. 1MA16
This application note describes how to directly transfer S-Parameter Trace Data from R&S Network Analyzers to Microsoft Excel using a direct connection like GPIB or LAN. Prerequisites are a PC running Microsoft Excel, a R&S Network analyzer like ZVA, ZVB or ZVT as well as a working remote control connection between PC and instrument like GPIB or LAN / Ethernet.
22-Mar-2007 | AN-No. RSI02
Power amplifiers for WCDMA/3GPP base stations should have the best possible spectral purity and smallest intermodulation distortion, in order to prevent disturbance of the neighbouring channels. To test such amplifiers, signal generators are required that can generate WCDMA signals with low noise and intermodulation over a very wide dynamic range. The R&S SMIQ03HD signal generator with its outstanding Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) performance is especially designed for these applications. This application note describes how to use SMIQ03HD to get the best performance with 3GPP single and multi carrier signals.
02-Sep-2002 | AN-No. 1GP52
The compact R&S®CMA180 Radio Test Set allows straighforward tests on devices that use analog or digital modulation and demodulation formats. This application note focusses on the use of the digital radio capabilities for measurements on radio transceiving devices in terms of their functionality and parameter characterization. Also shown is how to use the instrument with the various software tools available from Rohde & Schwarz for creating and evaluating digitally modulated signals. Various software examples are provided as free download along this paper. This application note addresses readers who develop, produce or optimize digital radio transmitting and receiving devices or maintain analog radio communication equipment alongside those with digital modulation.
10-Feb-2017 | AN-No. 1MA277
This Application Note describes characterization of devices used in radar systems with pulsed signals. The emphasis is on measurements using vector network analyzers (VNAs), signal generators, vector signal generators and spectrum analyzers.
18-Jan-2008 | AN-No. 1MA124
This Application Note describes the HSDPA uplink channel structure. Challenges for UE power amplifier design are outlined, and guidelines how to use R&S measurement equipment for testing UE power amplifiers are provided. An outlook on High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) and the impact of HSUPA on the uplink channel structure is given.
11-Jul-2011 | AN-No. 1MA84
When measuring the performance of 802.11 wireless LAN compatible receivers, Packet Error Rate (PER) tests are the method of choice today. This application note describes a simple way to conduct PER tests using signal generators on any 802.11 device, independent of their physical layer design (11b, 11a or 11g). The application software works with standard Windows™ drivers on any card independent of manufacturer. No additional hardware specific software is needed. Easy setup of the source signal is included with direct upload to an SMIQ or AMIQ.
09-Jan-2012 | AN-No. 1GP56
A lack of lip synchronicity is an effect that can severely impair the quality of TV reception. With modern digital signal processing, this audio-to-video delay occurs much more often than in earlier times when analog signal generation was used. The total delay can reach several hundred milliseconds, which is immediately noticeable on a TV home receiver. To prevent such impair-ments, the audio-to-video delay must be measured.
27-Aug-2002 | AN-No. 7BM44
This application note is intended as a guide to configuring the R&S®CMU200 instrument for CDMA2000®1xEV-DO / 1xRTT Hybrid Mode testing.
01-Oct-2007 | AN-No. 1CM65
ZVR is a vector network analyzer equipped with selective input channels for determining phase relations. Thus a wide dynamic range can be obtained. For measurements on frequency-converting DUTs (output frequency not identical to input frequency), the generator and receiver frequency ranges can be separately set. For measurements on DUTs using a built-in conversion oscillator, as is the case here, the conversion frequency must be exactly known so that the receiver can be accurately tuned to the respective output frequency. The maximum receiving bandwidth is 26.5 kHz. When a wide dynamic range is required, this bandwidth has to be reduced with the consequence that the requirement for the DUT output frequency and the ZVR receive frequency to be in agreement will be greater.
04-Aug-1998 | AN-No. 1EZ31
The R&S®Pulse Sequencer software together with any Rohde & Schwarz vector signal generator offers an easy and convenient way to generate pulses. For the first time, one package helps you define all the test cases you need in the lab for your entire product development cycle. Test cases extend from simple pulse scenarios for initial component testing to complex 3D radar emitters for acceptance testing of complete systems.
27-Jul-2017
A high frequency transformer is a key component when designing isolated switching mode power supplies (SMPS). Leakage inductance is essential in the control of many design parameters including efficiency, maximum voltage rating for switching elements and EMI when it comes to designs using customized transformers. Accurate measurement of this parasitic element is mandatory. The R&S®LCX LCR meter is ideal for this challenging measurement task.
15-Feb-2022
For customers who have already used automated R&S SFQ setups in development and production, the implementation of the successor instrument results in a need to adjust the SCPI commands formerly used.This document provides an overview on how SCPI commands that are used with the R&S SFQ change with the new test transmitter as well as a cross-reference list in the form of an EXCEL sheet.
23-Jun-2006 | AN-No. 7BM56
Vector network analyzers are used in high frequency applications to measure the complex scattering parameters of an unknown device-under-test (DUT). In general, the DUT characteristics can be evaluated by using electromagnetic waves. The correlation between the incident, reflected and transmitted wave quantities at the DUT is defined by its scattering matrix S.
28-Jul-1998 | AN-No. 1EZ30
Despite the advent of advanced digital transmission methods, analog broadcasting remains highly important. Until now, measurements on FM transmitters in connection with acceptance testing, commissioning and maintenance required using a variety of T&M instruments.The R&S ETL TV analyzer combines these instruments' capabilities in a single unit and can completely replace them. Now, for the first time, acceptance test measurements can be conducted on FM transmitters quickly and easily using just one compact test instrument. The R&S ETL provides the functionalities of a power meter, spectrum analyzer, audio generator, FM measurement demodulator, stereo decoder, audio analyzer and more in just one box.
10-Sep-2013 | AN-No. 7BM105
Application Note 1MA81 has been replaced by .
05-Jan-2012 | AN-No. 1MA81
Many measurements in audio applications have to be monitored for compliance with specified limit values. Therefore, sometimes a whole series of measurements have to be compared with a fixed limit value, in other case it might be necessary to define different tolerances for example for different frequency ranges. Both can be done using Audio Analyzer UPD or UPL. This application note covers the different possibilities of limit checking, it demonstrates how to edit limit files and presents a program to easily generate files for checking the limits of frequency response measurements. Furthermore the display modes for different kinds of references are explained.
04-Jun-1998 | AN-No. 1GA33
In the T&M world, instrument remote control over SNMP (simple network management protocol) lives in the shadow of IEEE/GPIB (general purpose interface bus) based remote control, and only a handful of the T&M equipment available worldwide supports the protocol. It is therefore no surprise that for most T&M engineers familiar with text-based commands over IEEE/GPIB (and lately LAN), the SNMP protocol seems a bit odd and to some even complex at first. The SNMP Toolkit for LabVIEW™ from Viodia™ Inc. can save a considerable amount of development time and furthermore helps programmers to overcome the initial complexities of SNMP programming.
18-Oct-2007 | AN-No. 7BM70
This is a very special application note for all those who have seen the ZVatch (ZVR watch) and not really believed the nice red curve on its face. This curve can actually be generated with a Vector Network Analyzer ZVR.
25-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1EZ28
This application note provides information about the ACLR measurement with noise correction. The basic requirements and the limiting factors of a spectrum analyzer are explained. Dynamic range improvements by means of a noise correction is presented. Measurement examples show the practical realisation ACLR measurements.
16-May-2002 | AN-No. 1EF49
FSH4Remote is a free-of-charge program for connecting the R&S®FSH4/8 handheld spectrum analyzer or the R&S®FSC spectrum analyzer to a remote computer, and for providing remote control of the functions from the computer. It runs under Windows and Linux operating systems. This application note describes the easy use of FSH4Remote to control the R&S®FSH/FSC and read the trace.
09-Feb-2012 | AN-No. 1MA180
This R&S®CMU200 1xEV-DO Release B non-signaling testing application provides the means to allow users to perform RF measurements on a 1xEV-DO Rel. B access terminal in a mode that does not require any signaling. This allows the calibration and final tests of a Rel. B AT, according to the minimum performance standards with the R&S®CMU200.
29-Jun-2009 | AN-No. 1CM74
For automated test applications, measurement time is often as important as the quality of the measurement. As with many situations, time is money. In practice, phase noise measurements are generally not considered fast, but test engineers still desire to save as much test time as possible. The Rohde & Schwarz®FSWP (FSWP) is a modern, digital signal processing based, phase-noise test set that performs many tasks in parallel in an effort to improve measurements speed. However, several measurement settings drastically affect measurement speed. This paper will discuss these settings and provide suggestions on improving overall measurement speed.The three key instrument parameters that affect FSWP measurement speed are:1. Number of cross correlations2. Resolution bandwidth (RBW)3. Offset frequency span
08-Oct-2020 | AN-No. GFM354